Non-standard elevations: using the wrong psychrometric chart or atmospheric pressure is a sure way to confidently select the incorrect answer—and you can be sure the PE exam will try to trick you by putting a wrong answer calculated at standard conditions.
Particularly high or low temperatures: these can change properties such as fluid density and make coefficients, such as our beloved 1.08, incorrect.
It is handy to tabulate standard equations at non-standard conditions (i.e. the sensible heat equation for 55°F entering air, for example). We have taken the liberty of doing this for you at this link.
You will almost certainly have to freeze food at some point on the exam: anyone we’ve ever spoken to about the exam, both past and present, has mentioned they had to freeze something like potatoes or meat on their exam. Make sure you don’t skip out on bringing the ASHRAE Handbook of Refrigeration, or at least some copies of the food properties.